How to load U-Boot with STM32CubeProgrammer

This page explains how to load and start U-Boot with STM32CubeProgrammer over a UART or USB port.

1. Overview[edit source]

To load and execute U-Boot (the programming service) in DDR with STM32CubeProgrammer, you need first to follow the steps described in AN5275: USB DFU/USART protocols used in STM32MP1 Series bootloaders:

Download phase 0x1 by ROM code, the FSBL = TF-A BL2
Download phase 0x0 by FSBL = flashlayout (mandatory on STM32MP15x)
Download phase 0x3 by FSBL, the FIP file including the SSBL image: U-Boot

The FSBL, SSBL and FIP definitions can be found in the Boot chain overview (FIP includes the required SSBL).

This feature can be used to debug U-Boot features required for the programming service (USB support, Flash device support, and so on) during board bring-up.

See FAQ of STM32CubeProgrammer for answers to questions specific to this tool.

For information, the required DFU detach is automatically managed by STM32CubeProgrammer when flashlayout is used or with start command in CLI mode.

2. Prepare U-Boot to use the console[edit source]

By default in the STM32 boot command the stm32prog command is executed when the boot device is UART or USB to allow U-Boot (the programming service) to communicate with STM32CubeProgrammer.

To access to U-Boot console when U-Boot is loaded with STM32CubeProgrammer:

For USB boot, you can easily interrupt this command stm32prog usb 0by pressing Ctr + C in the console without U-Boot modification.
For UART boot, the U-Boot console is deactivated to execute the stm32prog serial ${boot_instance} command in the bootcmd.
To use the U-Boot console after STM32CubeProgrammer load, you can deactivate this behavior by:
- deactivate CONFIG_CMD_STM32PROG_SERIAL using one of the following method:
  - use make menuconfig as explained in Kbuild
  - add the line # CONFIG_CMD_STM32PROG_SERIAL is not set in your defconfig (for example stm32mp15_trusted_defconfig)
- recompile U-Boot

Before ecosystem release v3.0.0 :

As CONFIG_CMD_STM32PROG_SERIAL doesn't exist, you need to

deactivate the support of the stm32prog command (for USB and UART devices) with a line #CONFIG_CMD_STM32PROG is not set in your defconfig,
patch the code, in arch/arm/mach-stm32mp/cpu.c (vv2020.01-stm32mp-r2)::arch_cpu_init(), and remove the console deactivation: gd->flags |= GD_FLG_SILENT | GD_FLG_DISABLE_CONSOLE;

3. Load U-Boot using Flashlayout[edit source]

You can use a minimal "FlashLayout.tsv" files for <dev> serial boot, <dev>=usb or uart (see STM32CubeProgrammer_flashlayout for file format details):

 #Opt	id	Name	Type		IP		Offset		Binary
 -	0x01	fsbl		Binary		none	0x00000000	tf-a_<dev>.stm32
 -	0x03	fip		Binary		none	0x00000000	fip.bin

You can then use this with STM32CubeProgrammer command:

  STM32_Programmer_CLI -c port=<dev_port> -w FlashLayout.tsv

With

For USB: <dev> = usb and <dev_port>=usb1
For UART: <dev> =uart and <dev_port>= UART Interface identifier (ex COM1, /dev/ttyS0,...)

4. Load U-Boot using CLI[edit source]

You can also use the CLI interface with the options -d and -s to load and start U-Boot.

  STM32_Programmer_CLI --help
 Available commands for STM32 MPU:
 ..
  -s,     --start          
  -g,     --go           : Run the code at the specified partition ID.
      [<partitionID>]    : Partition ID
                           If not specified, last loaded partition
                           will be started
 ..
  -d,     --download     : Download the content of a file into device memory
      <file_path>        : File path name to be downloaded: (bin, stm32 file
      <partition_id>     : Partition ID to be downloaded

For serial USB boot, <dev>=usb device with port=usb1.

  STM32_Programmer_CLI -c port=usb1 \
    -d tf-a_usb.stm32 0x1 -s 0x1 \
    -d flashlayout.stm32 0x0 -s 0x0 \
    -d fip.bin 0x3 -s 0x3

It is the same for serial UART boot with <dev>=uart and port= the UART Interface identifier.

For information, loading a flashlayout file flashlayout.stm32 with STM32 header for phase 0x0, even empty, is mandatory today but will be removed in future release.

You can generate this empty flashlayout.stm32 file with U-Boot mkimage with the following Linux shell commands:

 echo "" > flashlayout.tsv
 mkimage -T stm32image -a 0xC0000000 -e 0xC0000000 -d flashlayout.tsv flashlayout.stm32

5. Load U-Boot script using CLI[edit source]

When the .stm32 file flashlayout.stm32 is replaced by a U-Boot script script.stm32 with U-Boot image header added by mkimage U-Boot tool, this script will be executed automatically by U-Boot.

Example for a simple script to start U-Boot in dfu mode and then reset :

dfu 0
reset

 echo "dfu 0; reset" > script.cmd
 mkimage -C none -A arm -T script -d script.cmd script.uimg
 mkimage -T stm32image -a 0xC0000000 -e 0xC0000000 -d script.uimg script.stm32

 STM32_Programmer_CLI -c port=usb1 \
    -d tf-a_usb.stm32 0x1 -s 0x1 \
    -d script.stm32 0x0 -s 0x0 \
    -d fip.bin 0x3 -s 0x3